Carlo Zangarini

An Italian librettist and poet, who wrote for Puccini, Wolf-Ferrari and Zandonai. The son of an American mother, he was proposed by Tito Ricordi as the librettist for La fanciulla del West, whose American setting he worked on with the poet Guelfo Civinini. He went on to write I gioielli della Madonna for Wolf-Ferrari with Enrico Golisciani and Conchita for Zandonai with Maurice Vaucaire, and made the Italian translations of Cherubini's Médée and Debussy's Pelléas et Mélisande. Respighi set several of his poems. He held the chair of poetic and dramatic literature at the Liceo Musicale in Bologna from 1934.